Surface hardening method for bearing steel
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Traditional surface hardening method, the scope of the heat treatment process. The surface of the modern development of laser, electron beam, ion beam and other enhancement methods, and some high-tech applied to the surface of the material will not only strengthen but also in the process beyond the traditional areas of heat treatment, the formation of a new technology. NSK bearing surface enhancement technology from different angles the formation of a variety of classification methods to strengthen the physical and chemical processes of the technology classification according to surface, can be divided into five categories: surface deformation strengthening, surface heat treatment to strengthen the chemical heat treatment to strengthen the surface The metallurgical enhancement, strengthening of the surface film.
(1) the surface deformation strengthening
Plastic deformation occurs through mechanical methods of metal surface layer, thus forming a hardened layer of high hardness and high strength, the surface hardening method is called surface deformation strengthening, also known as work hardening. Including shot peening, sand blasting, cold extrusion, rolling, cold-milled and shock, blast peening. FAG bearings of these methods is characterized by: strengthening layers increased dislocation density, subgrain structure refinement, making it the hardness and strength, the surface roughness is reduced, significant parts of the surface fatigue strength and reduce fatigue notch sensitivity of sex. The fortification process is simple, the effect is significant, there are clear boundaries between the hardened layer and the substrate, a coherent structure, not easy to fall off in use. The majority of its approach has been applied in the bearing industry: to strengthen the surface impact of the rolling body is the application of these methods, the precision RCC has become a new ferrule processing and fortification.
(2) the surface heat treatment to strengthen
The use of solid-state phase transitions, quenching parts of the surface layer by rapid heating method known as surface heat treatment, commonly known as hardening the surface. Including Flame Hardening, (center) frequency induction heating quenching, laser heating or electron beam heating quenching. SKF bearing the characteristics of these methods: surface local heating quenching, deformation of the workpiece is small; heating speed, high production efficiency; heating time is short and very slight surface decarburization. This method is particularly large and extra large bearing parts to withstand a certain impact load wear resistance and fatigue strength effect significantly.
(3) chemical heat treatment to strengthen
Use of solid-state diffusion of some elements to penetrate, to change the chemical composition of the metal surface layer, NTN bearings in order to achieve surface hardening method called chemical heat strengthened, also called the diffusion heat treatment. Including the boronizing surface alloying, carburizing and carbonitriding, nitriding and nitrogen to carbon penetration, sulfurizing Sulfur and Nitrocarburizing, chromizing, aluminizing and chrome Al-Si alloying, the graphitization layer a wide range of different characteristics. Penetrate the element or integrated into the base metal to form a solid solution, or combine to form compounds with other metallic elements. In short, the infiltration of elements can change the chemical composition of the surface layer, they can get a different phase structure. Carburizing bearing steel parts of the treatment process and needle bearing surface nitriding enhanced treatment belong to this type of fortification.
(4) surface metallurgy strengthen
The re-melting and solidification of the surface layer of metal, the surface hardening treatment technology known as surface metallurgy strengthening in order to get the desired composition or organization. Including the surface self-insoluble alloy or composite powder coating, surface melt processing of crystalline or amorphous, surface alloying, etc.. INA Bearing is characterized by rapid heating of the high energy density, the melting of the metal surface layer or coating on the metal surface of the alloying material, the subsequent conduct on their own cooling solidification to the special structure or specific performance enhanced layer. Perhaps this particular structure is a refinement of crystal organization, or maybe a supersaturated phase, metastable phase, and even non-crystalline organization, depending on process parameters and methods of surface metallurgy. The rolling bearing industry in the surface of miniature bearings done laser heating to strengthen the research to good effect.
Surface film to strengthen
Application of physical or chemical methods, NACHI bearing surface coating on the metal matrix material properties strengthen the film, known as the surface film to strengthen. It includes electroplating, electroless plating (chrome, nickel, copper, silver, etc.) and the composite plating, brush plating or conversion treatment, including high-tech rapid development in recent years: such as of CVD, PVD, P-CVD vapor deposition film to strengthen the methods and ion implantation surface hardening technology (also known as atomic metallurgical technology) and so on. Their common feature is that specific performance of the film can be formed in the work surface to strengthen the surface of the wear resistance, fatigue resistance, corrosion resistance and self-lubricating performance. Such as ion implantation technology to strengthen the bearing surface, make the bearing surface wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and resistance to contact fatigue performance have been significantly improved, so that the bearing life is to grow exponentially.
234407BM 234706BM 234406BM 517/2860V/YA 5610/2500 517/1720X1V 527/1181M 510/1180M 517/930 510/670 590/560 510/500 52780 59080 517/368M 51760U 517/238 6207-2ZN 6206-2ZN 6205-2ZN 6204-2ZN 6203-RZ 6203-2ZN 6202N 6202-2ZN 6201-2ZN 6200ZZ 6200-2ZN 62/32-ZN 62/32-Z 62/32N 62/32-2Z 62/32-2RZ 62/32-2RS 62/28-2RZ 62/22-2RZ 61996 61992 61988 61984
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The work surface and center of the bearing parts have great differences in the status, structure and performance requirements, the overall heat treatment tends to make not take into account the potential of the material are not fully realized. Applied Materials, surface enhancement technology not only solved the surface and center differences in the structure and requirements, but also further to the surface to get some special performance to meet the surface of the work under certain conditions bearing on the work performance requirements. This is very significant in the development of modern science and technology.Traditional surface hardening method, the scope of the heat treatment process. The surface of the modern development of laser, electron beam, ion beam and other enhancement methods, and some high-tech applied to the surface of the material will not only strengthen but also in the process beyond the traditional areas of heat treatment, the formation of a new technology. NSK bearing surface enhancement technology from different angles the formation of a variety of classification methods to strengthen the physical and chemical processes of the technology classification according to surface, can be divided into five categories: surface deformation strengthening, surface heat treatment to strengthen the chemical heat treatment to strengthen the surface The metallurgical enhancement, strengthening of the surface film.
(1) the surface deformation strengthening
Plastic deformation occurs through mechanical methods of metal surface layer, thus forming a hardened layer of high hardness and high strength, the surface hardening method is called surface deformation strengthening, also known as work hardening. Including shot peening, sand blasting, cold extrusion, rolling, cold-milled and shock, blast peening. FAG bearings of these methods is characterized by: strengthening layers increased dislocation density, subgrain structure refinement, making it the hardness and strength, the surface roughness is reduced, significant parts of the surface fatigue strength and reduce fatigue notch sensitivity of sex. The fortification process is simple, the effect is significant, there are clear boundaries between the hardened layer and the substrate, a coherent structure, not easy to fall off in use. The majority of its approach has been applied in the bearing industry: to strengthen the surface impact of the rolling body is the application of these methods, the precision RCC has become a new ferrule processing and fortification.
(2) the surface heat treatment to strengthen
The use of solid-state phase transitions, quenching parts of the surface layer by rapid heating method known as surface heat treatment, commonly known as hardening the surface. Including Flame Hardening, (center) frequency induction heating quenching, laser heating or electron beam heating quenching. SKF bearing the characteristics of these methods: surface local heating quenching, deformation of the workpiece is small; heating speed, high production efficiency; heating time is short and very slight surface decarburization. This method is particularly large and extra large bearing parts to withstand a certain impact load wear resistance and fatigue strength effect significantly.
(3) chemical heat treatment to strengthen
Use of solid-state diffusion of some elements to penetrate, to change the chemical composition of the metal surface layer, NTN bearings in order to achieve surface hardening method called chemical heat strengthened, also called the diffusion heat treatment. Including the boronizing surface alloying, carburizing and carbonitriding, nitriding and nitrogen to carbon penetration, sulfurizing Sulfur and Nitrocarburizing, chromizing, aluminizing and chrome Al-Si alloying, the graphitization layer a wide range of different characteristics. Penetrate the element or integrated into the base metal to form a solid solution, or combine to form compounds with other metallic elements. In short, the infiltration of elements can change the chemical composition of the surface layer, they can get a different phase structure. Carburizing bearing steel parts of the treatment process and needle bearing surface nitriding enhanced treatment belong to this type of fortification.
(4) surface metallurgy strengthen
The re-melting and solidification of the surface layer of metal, the surface hardening treatment technology known as surface metallurgy strengthening in order to get the desired composition or organization. Including the surface self-insoluble alloy or composite powder coating, surface melt processing of crystalline or amorphous, surface alloying, etc.. INA Bearing is characterized by rapid heating of the high energy density, the melting of the metal surface layer or coating on the metal surface of the alloying material, the subsequent conduct on their own cooling solidification to the special structure or specific performance enhanced layer. Perhaps this particular structure is a refinement of crystal organization, or maybe a supersaturated phase, metastable phase, and even non-crystalline organization, depending on process parameters and methods of surface metallurgy. The rolling bearing industry in the surface of miniature bearings done laser heating to strengthen the research to good effect.
Surface film to strengthen
Application of physical or chemical methods, NACHI bearing surface coating on the metal matrix material properties strengthen the film, known as the surface film to strengthen. It includes electroplating, electroless plating (chrome, nickel, copper, silver, etc.) and the composite plating, brush plating or conversion treatment, including high-tech rapid development in recent years: such as of CVD, PVD, P-CVD vapor deposition film to strengthen the methods and ion implantation surface hardening technology (also known as atomic metallurgical technology) and so on. Their common feature is that specific performance of the film can be formed in the work surface to strengthen the surface of the wear resistance, fatigue resistance, corrosion resistance and self-lubricating performance. Such as ion implantation technology to strengthen the bearing surface, make the bearing surface wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and resistance to contact fatigue performance have been significantly improved, so that the bearing life is to grow exponentially.
